• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A cryogenic liquid delivery installation according to the invention comprises: - a storage tank (2), - a cryogenic equipment (6) for delivering and / or treating cryogenic liquid from the storage tank (2) to a tank container (4) to be filled, - a first pipe (8) intended to supply liquid to the container (4) to be filled from the storage tank (2) through the cryogenic equipment (6) having a low point ( 14) disposed between the cryogenic storage tank (2) and the cryogenic equipment (6), - a second pipe (10) for returning vaporized liquid to the storage tank (2), and - a connection (18) made between the first pipe (8) and the second pipe (10), means (V3) for controlling the passage of a fluid in said connection (18).
    公开号:FR3017183A1
    申请号:FR1400298
    申请日:2014-02-03
    公开日:2015-08-07
    发明作者:Simon Oury
    申请人:Cryostar SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to a cryogenic liquid delivery installation. The invention may relate to any type of cryogenic liquid, that is to say any liquid obtained by cooling at very low temperatures (generally below -100 ° C.) gases (pure or gas mixtures), for example nitrogen, helium or natural gas (methane). For some uses of cryogenic liquids, the liquid is stored in a relatively large vessel and means are provided for delivering relatively small amounts of liquid into containers, such as a truck tank or a liquid tank. cryogenic. There is thus a refueling station with a storage tank and pressurized distribution means adapted to the container to be filled generally comprising a pump for transferring cryogenic liquid from the storage tank to a carboy and / or refuel a vehicle. In the remainder of the description, to lighten the wording, it will be assimilated transfers of liquid (from the tank to for example a carboy or dewar) to a refueling (from the tank to a tank of a vehicle). During this delivery operation (transfer or refueling), the cryogenic liquid may undergo a treatment which will change in particular its pressure and its temperature. In a refueling station, lines are used between the storage tank and the container to be filled. Since a pipe has a large surface area relative to its internal volume, a relatively large exchange surface is produced which tends to heat the cryogenic liquid and to vaporize it. In the case of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) refueling station, the gaseous gas can not be released to the open air and the refueling stations then plan to return it to the storage tank. This may be true for other cryogenic products. The gas that is introduced into the storage tank warms the liquid in this tank. The pressure inside the latter increases and when it reaches a predetermined limit, a safety valve opens to allow gas to escape. This gas is usually lost. It is therefore advisable to avoid reaching the maximum permissible pressure in the storage tanks. This problem of vaporization of the cryogenic liquid between the storage tank and the container to be filled is all the more obvious that the delivery facility is little used. Indeed, if the liquid deliveries are spaced in time, all the elements downstream of the storage tank warm up between two deliveries and it is necessary to evacuate the calories that have entered the system. In addition, for the pump (or other fluid treatment equipment) to operate in good conditions, it must work in the liquid phase. It is therefore necessary to cool it before delivering cryogenic liquid. In filling stations which randomly deliver small quantities of cryogenic liquid, the lines between the storage tank and the container to be filled remain filled with liquid which gradually vaporises. The more liquid deliveries made are occasional, the more the pipes and other equipment (pump, means used for distribution, etc.) warm up between two delivery operations. Figure 1 illustrates a refueling station of the prior art. A storage tank 2 feeds, for example, a tank 4 to be filled by means of cryogenic equipment 6 most often including a cryogenic pump and / or other liquid treatment equipment. A first pipe 8 supplies liquid to the dispensing station from the storage tank 2 through the cryogenic equipment 6 to fill the tank 4. A second pipe 10 is intended to return to the storage tank 2 all the liquid which has vaporized between the storage tank 2 and the tank 4 to be filled. A valve V1 regulates the flow of liquid in the first pipe 8 and a second valve V2 is used to control the return of gas to the storage tank 2. In such a refueling station, when several hours elapse between two cryogenic liquid delivery operations, all the liquid remaining in the pipes after the end of the first delivery operation has time to vaporize before the start of the second delivery operation. This leads to large gas phase gas returns in the storage tank 2. The object of the present invention is therefore to limit the gaseous inputs to the storage tank. To this end, the present invention proposes a cryogenic liquid delivery installation from a storage tank comprising: cryogenic equipment for delivering and / or treating cryogenic liquid from the storage tank to a container to be filled, - A first pipe for supplying liquid to the container to be filled from the storage tank through the cryogenic equipment, and - a second pipe for returning to the storage tank of the liquid which has vaporized. According to the present invention, the first pipe comprises a low point disposed between the cryogenic storage tank and the cryogenic equipment, and a connection is made between the first pipe and the second pipe, means for controlling the passage of a fluid. in said connection. In this way, the system has a low point towards which the residual liquid after a liquid delivery operation to a container accumulates. This liquid is then "naturally" pushed back to the storage tank when fluid vaporizes then causing the pressure in the plant to rise until the liquid is forced back into the storage tank. So that a maximum of liquid can reach the low point, the first pipe is made so as to have a slope in the same direction downstream of the low point. In this way, it is avoided to make liquid traps downstream of the low point. To facilitate the return of the liquid into the storage tank, the first pipe preferably has no bifurcation between the low point and the storage tank. To accelerate the return of liquid to the storage tank, means for vaporizing cryogenic liquid are provided downstream of the first conduit. With the system closed, the pressure in the system is increased and the liquid is forced back into the storage tank. The cryogenic equipment of the installation comprises for example a cryogenic pump. For the flow management in the installation, means for controlling the passage of liquid between the storage tank and the low point are advantageously provided. Similarly, there may be provided means for controlling the fluid passage in the second pipe between the storage tank and the connection between the second pipe and the connection between the first pipe and the second pipe. In a preferred embodiment favoring the accumulation of liquid at the low point, the connection between the first pipe and the second pipe is made downstream of the low point. The present invention also relates to a method for delivering a cryogenic liquid from a storage tank to a container to be filled, through - a cryogenic equipment for delivering and / or treating cryogenic liquid from the storage tank to the container to be filled, - a first pipe for supplying liquid to the container to be filled from the storage tank through the cryogenic equipment, and - a second pipe for bringing back to the storage tank the liquid which has vaporized, which comprises the following steps: a) passage of liquid through the first pipe through a low point, b) degassing to the storage tank via the second pipe, and c) bleeding of the first pipe, the second conduit and the cryogenic equipment by closing the access of the second conduit to the storage tank and connecting the second conduit to the first conduit. This method makes it possible to limit the introduction of gas phase fluid into the storage tank with respect to a cryogenic liquid delivery process of the prior art. In an alternative embodiment of a method according to the present invention, the purge step is stopped, for example, when fluid in the gaseous phase is at the low point of the system.
    [0002] Details and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description, given with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing, in which: FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a cryogenic liquid delivery installation of the prior art, and FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a cryogenic liquid delivery installation according to the present invention. FIG. 2 shows an installation having a structure similar to that of FIG. 1. Similar elements are here again found, which are then designated with the same references as in this FIG. 1. Thus, in FIG. cryogenic liquid storage 2 which feeds a container to be filled (which will be assumed to be a tank 4 throughout the rest of this description) via a cryogenic equipment 6 and a first pipe 8 which 15 part of the storage tank 2 and reaches the tank 4 via the cryogenic equipment 6. A second pipe 10 is provided to return to the storage tank 2 the portion of liquid that vaporizes during the transfer to the tank 4 and by the next, before making a new transfer. The storage tank 2 is a cryogenic tank adapted to contain a liquid at a very low temperature such as for example liquefied natural gas, or else another gas in liquid form such as nitrogen or hydrogen. Means known to those skilled in the art and not described herein are associated with this storage tank 2 to prevent the pressure inside thereof from exceeding a predefined limit. When the tank contains liquefied natural gas, no gas should be vented to the atmosphere and suitable means are also provided to avoid unwanted rejection. The tank 4 to be filled is here for example a tank of a vehicle such as a truck or the like but it could also be for example a container such as a dewar or a cylinder. The cryogenic equipment 6 comprises in particular a pump as well as control and control means. It is also generally provided means for, on the one hand, to adapt the pressure and / or the temperature of the liquid and, on the other hand, to ensure that the pump only admits liquid and that it does not work partially in the gas phase. The cryogenic equipment 6 is fed from the storage tank 2 by the first pipe 8 which extends beyond the tank 4. The distal end 12 of the first pipe 8 is provided with means, of the anti-tamper type. -return, as well as sealing means to ensure a transfer of liquid under pressure, without discharge to the atmosphere, to the tank 4. The second pipe 10 is in turn to bring back to the storage tank 2 the vapors initially contained in the tank 4 and those resulting from the vaporization of the cryogenic liquid during transfer. The distal end of the second pipe 10 is provided with means making it possible to pass the gases under pressure and in a sealed manner. Figure 2 illustrates a return of the second pipe in the lower part of the storage tank 2 but could also provide a return to the top of the latter. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the first pipe 8 comprises a low point 14 (illustrated by a star) disposed between the storage tank 2 and the cryogenic equipment 6. A valve V1 on the first pipe 8, disposed here between the tank 2 and the low point 14, can control the flow of cryogenic liquid in the first pipe 8. Such a valve can be for example disposed directly at the outlet of the storage tank 2. Most often, the storage tanks are equipped with such a valve V1 which can be called for example the outlet valve of the tank. Preferably, the low point 14 is connected directly, or only via the valve V1, to the storage tank 2. The first pipe 8 has a constant slope, without rising, between the storage tank 2 and the low point 14. In an advantageous embodiment (not corresponding to the illustrated embodiment), the first pipe 8 may be a vertical pipe from the tank to the low point 14 which is then under the storage tank 2. Downstream of the point 14 down to its distal end 12, the first pipe 8 preferably has no relative low point, that is to say that it is always inclined with a slope of the same direction, so that all the the liquid contained in the first pipe 8 is attracted by gravity to the low point 14. This continuous slope between the low point 14 and the distal end 12 is symbolized by an inclined arrow 16 in Figure 2. A valve V2 is also provided on the a second conduit 10 for controlling and regulating the gas flow to the storage tank 2. Usually, such a valve is disposed near the storage tank 2 and usually equips the original storage tank 2. A connection 18 is made between the first pipe 8 and the second pipe 10. This connection 18 is made downstream of the valve V1 and preferably downstream of the low point 14 to avoid having a bifurcation of the first pipe 8 between the point 14 and the storage tank 2. This connection 18 is provided with means for controlling the passage of fluid therein, means illustrated in Figure 2 by a valve V3. The operation of the cryogenic liquid delivery installation described above is for example the following. Before performing a refueling (or transfer) operation, as mentioned above, the system is cooled according to a procedure known to those skilled in the art, adapted to the cryogenic equipment 6 and independent of the present invention. This procedure is intended in particular to ensure proper operation of the pump (and / or other equipment) integrated in the cryogenic equipment.
    [0003] During a refueling operation, the valve V1 is open to allow the cryogenic liquid to exit the storage tank 2. The valve V2 is also open to allow degassing of the system and the tank 4. The valve V3 is closed. Once the transfer is complete, the first conduit 8 is filled with liquid while the second degassing conduit 10 contains a mixture of liquid and gas. The invention therefore aims to limit as much as possible the vaporization of the liquid in the system after a liquid delivery operation. It then proposes to purge the system by pushing a maximum of liquid to the storage tank 2 before it vaporizes. To purge, it is proposed, once the tank 4 filled as desired, to close the valve V2 and open the valve V3 (the valve V1 remains open). Under such conditions, taking into account the configuration of the system described above, the liquid contained in the first pipe 8 descends by gravity towards the low point 14. It should be noted here that the distal ends of the first pipe 8 and the second pipe 10 are closed. In the design of the first pipe 8, it will preferably be ensured that no "trap" is left in liquid so that all the liquid can descend advantageously towards the low point 14. The second pipe 10 preferably follows the first pipe 8. Under these conditions, the liquid contained in this pipe will also be oriented towards the low point 14 through the connection 18, the valve V3 being open. The quantity of liquid in the second pipe 10 is much less than that contained in the first pipe 8. It is, however, desired to design the second pipe 10 and the connection 18 so that the maximum of liquid in this second pipe 10 It is inevitably due to the unavoidable thermal losses in any system that liquid in the system will vaporize. Fluid will therefore go from the liquid phase to the gas phase. The gas phase fluid will accumulate from the highest zones in the system. As the system is closed, as liquid vaporizes, the pressure will increase and the fluid in the liquid phase is pushed through the valve V1 in the storage tank 2. It can be expected that the purge phase ends when there is no fluid in liquid phase at the low point 14 and the gas phase thus reaches the low point 14. Optionally, to accelerate the purge phase, it can be provided to inject fluid under gaseous phase in the system, as high as possible. For this purpose, the installation may for example be equipped with an evaporator which supplies the system after a liquid delivery phase. The gas thus generated is then introduced at a high point of the system, for example downstream of the cryogenic equipment 6. The present invention thus makes it possible to replace in a cryogenic fluid delivery installation, after a liquid delivery operation from a storage tank to a container, the residual liquid by gas. In this way, the introduction of gas into the storage tank is limited, the residual fluid being reintroduced in liquid form into the storage tank. In this way, the vaporisation of cryogenic liquid is limited. The heat inputs into the system are thus limited and the liquid in the storage tank remains cold enough to ensure good storage conditions over a longer period. The system and / or the method according to the present invention also makes it possible, in particular in the case where the cryogenic liquid is liquefied natural gas, to limit the losses of natural gas by limiting the pressure increase in the storage tank and of this makes the number of trips of the safety valve associated with this tank. Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment of the installation illustrated in the drawing, the variants mentioned in the foregoing description and the method described above. It also relates to all the variants within the scope of those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims below.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Cryogenic liquid delivery system from a storage tank (2) comprising: - cryogenic equipment (6) for delivering and / or treating cryogenic liquid from the storage tank (2) to a container (4) to fill, - a first pipe (8) for supplying liquid to the container (4) to be filled from the storage tank (2) through the cryogenic equipment (6), and - a second pipe (10) for bringing back to the storage tank (2) vaporized liquid, characterized in that the first pipe (8) has a low point (14) disposed between the cryogenic storage tank (2) and the equipment cryogenic (6), and in that a connection (18) is made between the first pipe (8) and the second pipe (10), means (V3) for controlling the passage of a fluid in said connection ( 18).
    [0002]
    2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the first pipe (8) is formed so as to have an inclination in the same direction downstream of the low point.
    [0003]
    3. Installation according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the first pipe (8) has no bifurcation between the low point (14) and the storage tank (2).
    [0004]
    4. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that means for vaporizing cryogenic liquid are provided downstream of the first pipe.
    [0005]
    5. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cryogenic equipment (6) comprises a cryogenic pump.
    [0006]
    6. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that means (V1) for controlling the passage of liquid between the storage tank (2) and the low point (14) are provided.
    [0007]
    7. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that means for controlling the passage of fluid in the second pipe (10) are provided between the storage tank (2) and the connection between laseconde conduct ( 10) and the connection (18) between the first pipe (8) and the second pipe (10).
    [0008]
    8. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the connection (18) between the first pipe (8) and the second pipe (10) is made downstream of the low point (14).
    [0009]
    9. Process for delivering a cryogenic liquid from a storage tank (2) to a container (4) to be filled, through - a cryogenic equipment (6) for delivering and / or treating cryogenic liquid from the storage tank (2) to the container (4) to be filled, - a first pipe (8) for supplying liquid to the container (4) to be filled from the storage tank (2) through the equipment cryogenic (6), and - a second pipe (10) for returning to the storage tank (2) vaporized liquid, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) passage of liquid by the first pipe (8) passing through a low point (14), b) degassing to the storage tank (2) via the second pipe (10), and c) bleeding the first pipe (8), of the second pipe (10) and the cryogenic equipment (6) by closing the access of the second pipe (10) to the storage tank (2) and re-opening it connecting the second conduit (10) to the first conduit (8).
    [0010]
    10. The method of claim 9, characterized in that the purge step is stopped when the gas phase fluid is at the low point (14) of the system.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3017183B1|2016-09-02|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2006008299A1|2004-07-23|2006-01-26|Solvay |Method for transferring a fluid|
    WO2006118458A2|2005-05-04|2006-11-09|Single Buoy Moorings Inc.|Large distance offshore lng export terminal with boil-off vapour collection and utilization capacities|
    FR2942293A1|2009-02-19|2010-08-20|Air Liquide|METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR FILLING WITH A CRYOGENIC LIQUID OF A RESERVOIR|
    FR2968058A1|2010-11-30|2012-06-01|Saipem Sa|SUPPORT AT SEA EQUIPPED WITH A DEVICE FOR STORING AND GUIDING FLEXIBLE CONDUITS USEFUL FOR THE TRANSFER AT SEA OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS|FR3086993A1|2018-10-09|2020-04-10|L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude|LIQUEFIED HYDROGEN STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM AND APPARATUS|
    WO2020254762A1|2019-06-21|2020-12-24|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|Device for transferring a fluid from a supply tank to a receiver tank|
    EP3943800A1|2020-07-21|2022-01-26|Air Liquide|Method for filling a liquefied gas tank|
    EP3951239A1|2020-08-05|2022-02-09|L'Air Liquide - Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude|Device and method for filling with liquefied gas|
    法律状态:
    2015-02-10| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-01-08| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-01-12| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2017-12-11| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2018-12-13| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-02-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-02-17| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    2022-02-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 9 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1400298A|FR3017183B1|2014-02-03|2014-02-03|CRYOGENIC LIQUID DELIVERY SYSTEM|FR1400298A| FR3017183B1|2014-02-03|2014-02-03|CRYOGENIC LIQUID DELIVERY SYSTEM|
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